On the evolution of UC … The pick pocketing of US Innovation and Yes … The Price of T(echnology) in China


… Is it possible that the Cisco UC “solution” in the enterprise space enters into an age of death by attrition as MSFT creeps in from the desktop and edges out the King of digital plumbing? Or will their SOHO play and behemoth (though dwindling)  marketing budget bring them closer to the hearts and minds (read wallets) of the consumer … Will the proliferation of intuitive and user friendly open source in the enterprise coupled with a markedly savvy consumer dilute the market? Tune in next episode for battle of the quantization. Ker-Pow! BLAM! Zoinks!

And by the way … who cares about the consumer anyway, and what effect does it have on the employment of technology in the enterprise? In the age of BYOD, where open source and standards based architectures reign supreme, truly unified communications can be measured in an ability to provide a seamless delivery of presence across hardware (device), geographical, organizational and demographic boundaries. Oh yeah, and lest we forget, secure, access across those pesky network boundaries … ubiquitous … I had to use that word in here somewhere. IP is the protocol, now what is the platform?

Why does Apple stand at risk of taking such a hard hit from the Google / Android crowd? (As an owner of two iPhone 4s, I neither own a Droid, nor do I use Chrome … my observation is purely hypothetical and based on limited field testing …)

Why am I scared of the impact of Moore’s law compounded en masse by an uneven tipping of the scales in China, and what it means to American innovation and the protection and prospective (de)valuation of US Intellectual Property? … manufacturing of high tech at criminally low cost driven by a feeding frenzy to the soon to boom Chinese middle class … in a country with a culture which places personal fortune and social stature over moral values and ethics … and a state which has no interest in enforcement of policy which may stand in the way of corporate, thus national, thus global, economic ascension. Import the intellectual capital, copy the technology … assimilate, rebrand, mass produce, export … slay the American dragon.  Innovation will creep in there at some point, at which time will the tech hungry American consumer, pocket book tight with the devaluation of the dollar opt for the less expensive, more capable import over the proud American stalwart? Well … at least the American Dragon needs to bite …

HTC vs Apple anyone?

It could be because I am an uninformed lemming … Or not.

Oh yes … I have to give credit to Mr. Garcia for prompting this train of thought with the Garner group “Magic Quadrant” for UC …

http://msunified.net/2010/08/09/gartner-magic-quadrant-for-unified-communications-2010/

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Hello To Th Rest of The World

Yes … I capitalized the T in the and not the of in OF …. but its ok because i really am not that concerned with the whole upper vs lower conumdrum

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Testing QoS / DSCP via Extended Ping

So there I was … surrounded! Surrounded by a mob of lethargic yet devastating HTTP, NBT (NetBIOS over TCP/IP)  and their clumsily meandering TCP minions … their insensitive asses threatening to destroy my delay sensitive H.323 voice and video stream as it made it’s way through the VPN tunnel and out into the Wild Wild West … Armed with nothing more than my sheer wit, the Cisco MQC (Modular QoS Configurator) and the extended ping command, I was able to stymie the flow of unruly Active Directory replication, villainous YouTube treachery, and meanderig MySpace messages to create a highly reliable path for my VTC endpoints.

The challenge was dealing with the not-so-smart encryptor providing the path between the two VTC endpoints, and the relentless  amount of Unclassified data constantly filling up the bandwidth on my meager T1, mercilessly killing my VTC at whim. The solution?

  • Setting my Tandberg 1000s to use DiffServ and assigning Video and Audio DiffServ Code Point 46. 
  • Enabling DSCP Bypass on the encryptor.
  • Creating a class-map on the intermidiary router to identify the DSCP marked packets coming from the encryptor.
  • Creating a policy-map on the router to reserve bandwidth (768k) for the marked packets.
  • Applying said policy-map as an outbound policy on my congested serial interface.

DiffServ Code Points are a way to classify or “mark” packets by assigning a DSCP value in the ToS (Type of Service) field in the IP Header. Routers (In this case a Cisco 7206 VXR) can then prioritize the packets, and queue them based on the DSCP. In this case I am using DSCP 46, which is also referred to as EF or Expedited Forwarding.

 The config of the router on the cypher side of the encryptor:

class-map match-all VTC
match dscp ef
!
policy-map VTC-OUT-POLICY
class VTC
bandwidth 768
class class-default
fair-queue
!
interface s0/0/0
service-policy out VTC-OUT-POLICY

After all was said and done, I could see that my QoS policy was working by issuing the command:

show policy-map interface s0/0/0

TRANSPORT_RTR#sh policy-map int s0/0/0Serial0/0/0
Service-policy output: VTC
Class-map: VTC (match-all)
350805 packets, 302733384 bytes
5 minute offered rate 0 bps, drop rate 0 bps
Match: dscp ef (46)
Queueing
Output Queue: Conversation 265
Bandwidth 768 (kbps) Max Threshold 64 (packets)
(pkts matched/bytes matched) 36784/21368856
(depth/total drops/no-buffer drops) 0/0/0

As you can see by the packets matched / bytes matched we have traffic with a dscp value of 46 hitting the policy. But how can we test the policy in the event that the DSCP values aren’t getting passed along, or … if we don’t have a device connected which supports DSCP marking? The almighty “Extended Ping” (trumpets sounding … heavens parting)

By setting the ToS value to 0xb8, we effectively set the DSCP value to 46. To arrive at this conclusion, you need to understand that the ToS field is an 1 byte field, of which DSCP uses the 6 most significant bits. So converting 46 to binary, we arrive at 101110. But wait … 101110 converted to hex  = 2E you say??? Well … remember that the ToS field is a 1 Byte / 8 Bit field, with the two most least significant bits going unused, thus 101110 becomes 10111000. Which = (drum roll please )  0xb8.

router#ping
Protocol [ip]:
Target IP address: 192.168.8.1
Repeat count [5]:
Datagram size [100]:
Timeout in seconds [2]:
Extended commands [n]: y
Source address or interface:
Type of service [0]: 0xb8
Set DF bit in IP header? [no]:
Validate reply data? [no]:
Data pattern [0xABCD]:
Loose, Strict, Record, Timestamp, Verbose[none]:
Sweep range of sizes [n]:
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.8.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 192.168.1.118
!!!!!

And by pinging the far end with the ToS field set to 0xb, I’m sending packets with an effective DSCP vlaue of 46, so you will see that the packets matched increments by 5 for the 5 successive ping packets.

show policy-map interface s0/0/0

TRANSPORT_RTR#sh policy-map int s0/0/0Serial0/0/0
Service-policy output: VTC
Class-map: VTC (match-all)
350805 packets, 302733384 bytes
5 minute offered rate 0 bps, drop rate 0 bps
Match: dscp ef (46)
Queueing
Output Queue: Conversation 265
Bandwidth 768 (kbps) Max Threshold 64 (packets)
(pkts matched/bytes matched) 36789/21369356
(depth/total drops/no-buffer drops) 0/0/0

And that’s how the West was won …

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nan desu ka?

The Network Engineering Roundtable Discussions group (herein after referred to as N.E.R.D.s) is an open forum for the IT community in Okinawa, Japan to collaborate on technology, share thoughts and experiences, and network with peers with an end goal of enhancing your individual expertise in the network engineering arena. Register for a NERDs dot JP account here. A grassroots organziation with a primary focus on the more technical, and for some, downright abstract (does anyone really care how I hacked the security code on my Kenwood KRC-422???) points of all aspects of network and systems engineering, the only requirement for membership is a desire to increase your breadth of knowledge while teaching the rest of us about your particular area of expertise. Becasue someone, somewhere out there cares. ;)  N.E.R.D.s will take place once a month at a location sponsored by group members (TBD as of March 18, 2007) , and will be in the form of a luncheon accompanied by a 30 ~ 60 minute presentation / demonstration. Alternative N.E.R.D.s locations and venues such as post-shigoto Izakayas on Friday afternoons are envisioned. The N.E.R.D.s dotJP website is the online presence for the group, and is open to contributors from across the globe. Some key areas of interest (but by no means limited to …)    

  • Certifications         
    • Cisco
    • Microsoft
    • SANS / GIAC
    • Etc.
  • Network Design
  • Network Security
    • Firewalls
    • IDS / IPS
    • Vulnerability Assessment
  • Network Management (SNMP, RMON, etc.)
  • VoIP (CallManager, Asterisk, SIP, RTP, etc.)
  • Wireless Networking
  • Virtualization (VMWare / Virtuozzo)
  • Linux Networking
  • Microsoft Networking
  • ATM (Not your Bank Card) 
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